Problems of juvenile psychology of persons committing crimes in the sphere of information technology
Date: October 15, 2003Source: Computer Crime Research Center
By:
The psychology interprets "personality" as a social and psychological creature, who is developed under the society influence. A man as a social creature gains new (personality) qualities when he enters into definite relations with other people, and these relations in most cases "create" or "form" a person.
"Person" usually includes such properties, which are stable and prove the individuality of a person by revealing his features and deeds, which are significant for the people.
Since "person" is often defined as a man in the aggregate of his social qualities, it means that personality features do not include those, which are naturally stipulated and do not depend on his life in the society.
Man - it is a generic notion, which points out that a creature is referred to the highest stage of the development of animated nature - human race. It is a notion of "man" that establishes genetic predestination of the development of human signs and qualities.
As a living creature a man submits to the main biological and physiological laws whereas as a social - he surrenders to the laws of the society development.
Specific human properties and abilities including speech, consciousness, labor activity, are not inherited by people but formed in the process of life by learning culture created by previous generations. Taking part in the different form of practical activity people develop and improve those specific abilities, which has been already formed.
Individual - it is a single representative of "homo sapiens". As individuals, people differ from each other not only in morphological peculiarities but also psychological features (abilities, emotionality and temperament).
Individuality - it is a combination of unique personality properties of a concrete person. What can be referred to it is the peculiarity of his psycho-physiological structure (physical and mental features, intellect, world outlook, life experience). The essence of individuality is connected with the originality of an individual, his ability to be independent and self-dependent.
The elements of person s structure are general (generic) features, typical and individual properties.
It is a structural approach that allows coming to know the particulars of many properties and features of a person and revealing connections and interactions of these properties.
The first category of psychic phenomena - psychic processes: sensations, perceptions, attention, memory, thinking and so on, which are characterized by relatively short-term proceed. It should be taken into account that no psychic process can proceed for a longer or less time.
The second category - psychic conditions: cheerfulness, tiredness, activity, passivity, irritability, mood. They proceed for a longer time than psychic processes.
The third category of psychic phenomena - psychic properties of a person. They are more stable though they can be changed as a result of biological development of a person during the whole life. Most of all they are transformed under the influence of social conditions and, first of all, education and self-education.
These categories: short-term processes, conditions and properties of a person - are called private psychological, as they are united by the general psychological essence called psychic phenomena.
The psychological science has a firmly established proposition that any reaction of a person and the whole system of his inner life depend on those his features, which were formed in the process of obtaining social experience: his needs and motives, interests and aims, system of his attitudes towards the reality.
To understand a real psychological nature of that or other property (including a professionally important one), i.e. determine which function this property will carry out in the process of activity, it is necessary to consider it in the personality aspect - from the point of view of motives and targets of the activity. For the current personality approach it is necessary to study every separate property in the aspect of a person as a whole.
The dependence of proceed of separate psychic processes on those needs and motives, which impel a person to implement these processes, was also established.
The people differ in types of perception and observation depending on the general cast of their individuality. Individual differences are revealed in the content itself of percept, remembered and so on things.
The dependence of psychic processes on a person is also expressed by that these processes depend on the general development of a person.
The psychic processes of a person are consciously regulated actions and operations, which a person gains and directs at resolving problems, which he faces in his life.
Understanding a person as an integral structure requires to emphasize such his formations, which create this integrity.
First of all, the integral structure of a person is established by the orientation. The orientation is based on the firmly dominating system of motives where the main ones override all the rest. The orientation of a person manifests itself in the various spheres of his life and activity. However the orientation has the deepest characteristic from the standpoint of attitude of a person towards the society, himself, labor activity (professional activity).
While studying a person in any aspects one cannot divorce at will studied phenomenon (process, property) from a person as a whole, his orientation, system of his attitudes towards the reality. It should be born in mind that in the process of psychological study of a person ( in particular, in the study of the process of forming his professionally important psychic qualities) it is always necessary to take into consideration which function is implemented by the studied psychic phenomenon in the difficult system of interaction between a person and surrounding reality in the process of his professional activity.
Any quality of a person (e.g. orderliness, discipline) cannot exist without a contact with his personality, system of motives of his conduct, his attitudes towards the reality, his emotional experiences, and convictions. The quality will be changing its content and structure depending on those objects and tasks, which a person sets himself, his views and convictions, as well as connection of the given quality with other subject s properties.
Understanding that people with diverse orientation have different personal qualities must be a basis for studying a process of forming professionally important qualities. In the process of this study it is necessary to come from not that the given professionally important quality (e.g. discipline, decisiveness, observation or insistence) is a supposedly quite definite, always equal to itself psychological quality, but that in the system of what person s motives it is included and the achievement of what purposes it favors.
In the practical activity it should be remembered that the human organism is characterized by the system with high self-organization and self-regulation.
The human cerebrum possesses the highest plasticity, which means the ability of adapting itself to the various and unexpected conditions of the existence.
The veritable potentialities of the psyche, its reserves of regulating organism are quite big.
For increasing effectiveness of practical activity and normalizing daily mood it is always necessary to take into consideration that a person is given an opportunity to influence purposely and actively his physical and psychic condition.
The substantial feature of human psyche consists in that it can be distracted from the reality and guided by definite convictions and ideas in some cases.
The psychologists studied different typologies of human body constitutions, which influence the person’s mentality.
Psychological differences between men and women are studied now quite narrowly. For example, it is established that men excel women in rate and coordination of movements, orientation in the space, knowledge of mechanics and mathematics, but it often turns out that women have more adroit hands, higher rate of perception and account, more tenacious memory. Some researches prove that women can synthesize information better than men. It considerably explains the origin of enigmatic female intuition.
Human cerebrum, as a main reflector of the objective world, is the most difficult organ, which has traveled a long road of evolution. Starting from simple physiological irritability, which is peculiar to vegetable kingdom, through ability of reacting to external influences because of a need in something, numerous connections were fixed in the brain with the help of biochemical and genetic memory. During gradual human evolution these connections stipulated specific psychic reflection as a result of which human cerebrum obtained, at first, a property of subjective emotional experience and then subjective perception of external impacts.
Potentialities of cerebrum are infinite, especially at the child’s and youthful age, thereby explaining an interest to computer technologies namely in this period of life. At the juvenile age potentialities of the cerebrum in perception, processing and storing various information are very considerable.
Psychologists has ascertained by using the language of figures to give a quantitative assessment to human memory size that the cerebrum can percept and store in its cells 106-1015 of information units....
Next
Add comment
Email to a Friend
